1. Belouchi, N., E. Roux, J. Savineau, and R. Marthan. Effect of chronic hypoxia on calcium signalling in airway smooth muscle cells. Eur Respir J 14: 74-79, 1999.

2. Benavides, C., R. Perez, M. Espinoza, G. Cabello, R. Riquelme, J. Parer, and A. Llans. Cardiorespiratory functions in the fetal llama. respir Physiol 75: 327-334, 1989.

3. Berne, R. M., and M. N. Levy. Physiology. St Louis: Mosby, 1998.

4. Bonnet, S., A. Belus, J. Hyvelin, E. Roux, R. marthan, and J. Savineau. Effect of chronic hypoxia on agonist-induced tone and calcium signaling in rat pulmonay artery. Am J physiol 281: L193-L201, 2001.

5. Bunn, F., and R. Poyton. Oxygen sensing and molecular adaptation to hypoxia.
Physiol Rev 76: 839-877, 1996.

6. Czyzyk-Krzeska, M. Molecular aspects of oxygen sensing in physiological adaptation to hypoxia. Respir physiol 110: 99-111, 1997.

7. Daniels, C. B., H. A. Barr, and T. E. Nicholas. A comparison of the surfactant associated lipids derived from reptilian and mammalian lungs. Respir Physiol 75: 335-47., 1989.

8. Dejours, P. Principles of comparative respiratory physiology. Amsterdam: North-Holland publishing compagny, 1975.

9. Dugas, L., and D. Rivière. La pathologie liée à l'altitude. Med Trop 57bis: 427-430, 1997.

10. Durmowicz, A., S. Hofmeister, T. Kadyraliev, and A. Aldashev. Functional and structural adaptation of the yak pulmonay circulation to residence at high altitude. J Appl Physiol 74: 2276-2285, 1993.

11. Faraci, F. Adaptations to hypoxia in birds: how to fly high. Annu Rev Physiol 53: 59-70, 1991.

12. Fowler, M., and J. Zinkl. reference ranges for hematologic and serum biochemical values in llamas (Lama glama). Am J Vet Res 50: 2049-2053, 1989.

13. Garland, T., Jr., and P. A. Carter. Evolutionary physiology. Annu Rev Physiol 56: 579-621, 1994.

14. Harris, P., D. Heath, P. Smith, D. Williams, A. Ramirez, H. Kruger, and D. Jones. Pulmonary circulation of the llama at high and low altitudes. Thorax 37: 38-45, 1982.

15. Jurgens, K., M. Pietschmann, and T. kleinschmidt. Oxygen binding properties, capillary densities and heart weights in high altitude camelids. J Com Physiol 158: 469-477, 1988.

16. Maina, J. N. Comparative respiratory morphology: themes and principles in the design and construction of the gas exchangers. Anat Rec 261: 25-44., 2000.

17. Maina, J. N. What it takes to fly: the structural and functional respiratory refinements in birds and bats. J Exp Biol 203 Pt 20: 3045-64., 2000.

18. Maina, J. N., and M. Africa. Inspiratory aerodynamic valving in the avian lung: functional morphology of the extrapulmonary primary bronchus.
J Exp Biol 203 Pt 18: 2865-76., 2000.

19. Mayr, E. The growth of biological thought. Harvard: Harvard university Press, 1982.

20. Moraga, F., C. Monge, R. Riquelme, and A. Llanos. Fetal and maternal blood oxygen affinity: a comparative study in llamas and sheep. Com biochem Physiol A Physiol 115: 111-115, 1996.

21. Roux, E., M. Duvert, and R. Marthan. Combined effect of chronic hypoxia and in vitro exposure to gas pollutants on airway reactivity. Am J Physiol 283:L628-635, 2002.

22. Roux, E. Origine et évolution de l'appareil respiratoire aérien des Vertébrés. Rev Mal Respir, in press.

23. Schmidt-Nielsens, K.Animal physiology. Cambridge: Cambridge Univessity Press, 1997.

24. Smith, J., N. Mohandas, and S. Shoshet. Variability in erythrocyte deformability among various mammals. Am J Physiol 236: H725-H730, 1979.

25. Vargas, E., and M. Villena. La vie humaine en haute altitude: mythes et réalités.
Bull soc Pathol Ex 82: 701-719, 7989.

26. West, J. Physiologie respiratoire, notions essentielles. Paris: Arnette, 1993.